What is Circumcision?

Male circumcision is the partial or complete removal of the foreskin (also called the prepuce).

The foreskin is a sheath that covers the penis. It has mechanical, sexual, and biochemical functions:

Mechanical functions

1. Protects an infant’s glans (head of the penis) from feces and ammonia. In his first months, the foreskin functions as a one-way valve, preventing entry of contaminants but allowing passage of urine.
2. Shields the sensitive glans from abrasion.
3. Keeps the glans soft with smegma, an oily substance under the foreskin.

Sexual functions of foreskin

1. Stokes sexual sensations during sexual intercourse when sliding up and down the shaft, by alternately covering and exposing the glans, which allows nerves time to fire and reset. This occurs during masturbation or intercourse. After penetration, the foreskin provides a gliding action that significantly reduces friction.
2.  Lubricates with smegma during intercourse.
3. Provides a vaginal seal that retains a woman’s sexual fluids during intercourse.
4. Contains most of a man’s erotic nerve receptors.
5. Stimulates a female partner during intercourse.
6. Makes the penis look longer and thicker.

Biochemical functions

1. Produces antibacterial and antiviral proteins such as lysozyme.
2. Contains fibroblast cells that promote wound healing.
3. Contains epithelial Langerhans cells, an immune system component.
4. Secretes immunoglobulins, which are antibodies against infection.
5. Might emit pheromones (gases that are sexual attractants).